High-pressure still



V w. F. SCHANZLIN HI fiH PRESSURE STILL Filed April 7, 1921 I ATTORNEYS- S Patented Sept. 29, 1925.

UNITED Y STATES PATENT 'OFFICE.

WILLIAM F. scrumzmn, or LIMA, oizro.

men-rnnssonn STILL.

Application filed April 1, 1921. Serial- No. 459,250.

products,

More particularly stated, my invention relates to the manner of applyingheat to the still and of causing circulation to take place inconsequence of the heat.

I seek to provide means not merely for heating the liquid to bedistilled but, in addition, for causing the liquid when thus heated tocirculate vertically, so as to thoroughly distribute the heat throughoutthe entire mass of the liquid.

I employ as a still, a hollow member dis-- posed horizontally, and inconnection with this hollow member I use a numberof drums connectedtogether by tubes extending vertically, two of the drums being connectedtogether by a throat inorder to facilitate circulation.

By my invention, I seek to discard the necessity for tube plugs made ofMonel metal, brass, lead or the like and to simplify the connection ofthe various parts, at the same time doingawaywith the necessity forexcessive labor and cost'in the matter of upkeep. A

I further seek to prevent the deposit of carbon within the still andespecially within the upperportions thereof.

Reference is made to the accompanylng drawing forming a part of this-specifica-.

. tion, and in which like reference characters indicate like partsthroughout the several figures.

Figure 1 is a vertical section through my improved apparatus.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary section showing my device as used in a mannersomewhat diflerent from that appearing in Figure 1.

A furnace 4 is provided with a firebox 5, and located at the base of thefurnace is a drum 6. Connected with this drum is a pipe 7, serving as atar line. Two other drums 8, 9 are mounted upon the furnace at a littledistance over the drum 6. 'A

number oi tubes 10,11 are connected with the drum 6 and extend upwardlytherefrom in two 'roups as shown, the upper ends of these tu es beingconnected with. the drums 8, 9. A partition 12, made of fire clay tileboards dovetailed to fit each other is disosed between the tubes 10 andthe tubes 11.

he partition 12 is thus built up of units so that its height can bepractically con: trolled at will-that is, by removing some of the tileboards or.addin others. The flames and hot gases from t e firebox heatall of thedrums .and circulate around and between the tubes 10 and 11,especially at the top portions thereof. The top of the furnace isbricked ever at 13.

The drum 9 is provided with ahead 14 extending upwardly from it asindicated in Figures 1 and 2. Where my invention is used as indicated inFigure 1, the head 14 is closed by a cap 15, held thereupon by bolts 16.a

The body of the still appears at 17 and is in communication with thedrum 8 b means .of a trunk 18. The drum 9 is provi ed with a head 19 anddetachably connected with the latter is a trunk 20. The still body 17 isprovided with a vapor outlet 21 and also with manholes 22, 23, thesethree parts heing of the usual or anydesired .construction'. The stillbody 17 is further provided with a head 24; which is detaehablyconnected with the trunk 20, when my device is to be used as indicatedin Figure 1.

The still body 17 is further provided with a head 26. A trunk 27 isprovided for the purpose of facilitating the connection with r the head14, as indicated more particularly in Figure 2. An auxiliary trunk 28,.shown in Figure 2, is provided for use in connection with the still body17. When this pi e is empl0yed,'it is located within the still body, andconnected with the head 26 as indlcated in Figure 2. A cap 25 is usedfor the purpose of closing the head 26 or the head 24, as the case maybet-that is to say,

where my invention is used as indicated in Figure 1, the cap 25 isdetachably mounted. upon the head 26 so as to close the same. When,however, my device is em lo ed as indicated in Figure 2, the cap 25 1setachably mounted upon the head 24 so as to close the latter.

Somewhat similarly, the cap 15 is used to close either "the head 14 orthe head 19 carried by the trunk 9, according to -whether my device isused in the manner indicated in Figurel or that indicated in Figure 2. I

device may be employed in two different ways; When it is to be us dasindicate'd in Figure 2, the trunk 27 is placed in between the heads 14and 26, and detachably connectedtherewith, as shown at the left ofFigure 2. In this event, the'cap is secured upon the head 24, and, ofcourse, nothing else is connected'withthe head 24 The trunk 28 is alsoplaced in position and the cap 15 is placed upon the trunk 19 so as toclose the same.-

When, how ver, my device is used as in dicated in Figurel, the pipe 28and trunk 27 are removed; the capv 25 is placed upon the head 26, andthe cap 15 similarly placed upon the head 14:, so as to close the same."

This done, the trunk 20 is connected with the head 19 of the drum 9 andwith the head 24 of the still body 17.

The operation of distillation as performed with either one of the twoforms of my invention may be readily understood from the foregoingdescription. The petroleum or petroleum product to be distilled isplaced within the still body 17 ,-so as to fill up all of the-drums andsuch trunks as are for the time being used for connecting the still bodywith the drums. Heat being applied by means of a fire in the firebox 5,the flames andhot gases raise the temperature of the tubes 10, 11 andheat the contents ther eof. As the heated liquid tends to rise, acirculation is established, so that while the still is in action the liuid is flowing continuously through the tu es 10 and. 11. More heatbeing applied to theliquid through the tubes 10 than through the tubes11, owing to the closer proximity of the tubes 10 to the fire, theliquid within the tubes 10 is constantly rising, whereas theliquidwithin the tubes-11 is constantly falling. Thus, the circulation ismaintained at a rate which .is comparatively uniform and this meansf, ofcourse, a flowof the liquid from left to right through. the still body;hence, no particular part of the liquid remains for any great lengthoftime in any fixed location. Because of the circulation just mentioned,the liquid operated upon is not violently broken up by excess 'siveheat. What occurs is that the more volatile components of the liquid arecontinuously carried off as va or. By the arl as rangement abovedescribe undue-carbonization is prevented from taking place.

The manner in which, during distillation, the diflerent componentliquids are separated by being formed into vapor, carried fi andcondensed by cooling is too well known to need any description.

. Of course, in using any apparatus of this general type upon petroleumor its products, more or less carbon is formed, and as plantmy-invention can be used at one time in the manner contemplatedby'Figure l and at a different time in the manner inin distillingsomeoils that due to. the inequality in the expansion and contraction ofthe pipe 20 and a still body 17, leakage .is liable to occur at thepoints of connection between the pipe 20 and the still body and the drum9, and to obviate this difficulty the arrangement shown in Fig. 2 ma beemployed. In the above 0b ection to the form of the apparatus shown inFig. 1 prevails only when distilling lighter oils which lose theirheatquickly by rapid radiation durin their passage through the pipe 20 fromfile still 17 tothe drum 9.

With the apparatus above described, the products derived from theprocess are of comparatively uniform grade,'and relatively free fromimpurities.

I do 'not limit myself to the precise eneral it might be said that.

, p .a result there isa tendency for tar to 'ac- Thus, it may be readilyseen how my .dicated in Figure 2.- It has been found mechanism shown, asvariations may be made therefrom without departing from the spirit of myinvention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Let leading from the bottom thereof, a pair of horizontallyarranged drums above the first drum, and disconnected from each other, a

series of vertical tubes connecting the lower drum with each of theupper drums, a partition between the series of tubes, a horizontalelogated still body arranged outside of the furnace walls a shortdistance above and at right angles to the said, drums, and

pipes connecting the still body with the upper drums, the pipes beingcomparatively large and communicating with the said drums throughcorrespondingly large openings.

2; nace, heating drums in the furnace at the an elongated andhorizontally disposed still body having one end arranged directly aboveand in spaced relation to the heating maining portion of the still bodyextending beyond the said heating drums, a pipe con- A high pressurestill, comprising a fur-- top thereof and in proximity to each other, v

drums and outside of said furnace, the re- I necting one of the heatingdrums with the,

end of the still body-above said drum, and a pipe connecting the otherheating drum with the stilt body, said last named pipe effectingcommunication between the said other drum and the other end of the stillbody, and which is remote from the heating drums.

3. In a high pressure still, comprismg a still body, a furnace, heatingdrums disposed therein in proximity to one another, said still bodylying above and transversely of the drums, one end of said still bodyextending laterally a substantial distance beyond the drums, the otherend being adjacent to the heating drums, a conduit between one drumandthe adjacent end of the still body, and a second conduit between theother drum and the still body and communicating with that portion of thestill remote from said drum, said conduit being disposed within thestill body adjacent the bottom thereofand extending therefrom at a pointadjacent to said other drum.

4. In a high pressure still apparatus, a still body, a thermalcirculating system comprising a furnace, a sediment drum therein,

, a plurality of independent heating drums positioned above saidsediment drum, a plurality of series of heating tubes connecting thesediment drum with the heating drums, insulating bafiies between saidseries of tubes and between the heating drums and the still body, andconduits connecting the heating drums with the still body whereby afluid circulating within the stlll may be heated on its passage to thestill body and again on its passage therefrom.

WILLIAM F. SCHANZLIN.

